Views: 40 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-03-09 Origin: Site
The following is a comprehensive review of the main standards and technical requirements related to steel ropes:
I. National Standard System
General Technical Conditions
GB/T 20118-2017: Covers general technical requirements for steel wire ropes, including materials, manufacturing processes, mechanical properties and inspection methods.
GB/T 34198-2017: For steel wire ropes for cranes, specifies the structure (diameter 6-70mm), acceptance methods and maintenance requirements.
Special Field Standards
GB 8903-2024: Inspection and performance requirements for steel wire ropes for elevators6.GB/T 8918-2006: Inspection standards for steel wire ropes for important purposes, including key parameters such as chemical composition and tensile strength6.
II. Classification and Technical Requirements
1，Classification by rope core material
Hemp core/cotton core: soft and oil-lubricated, but poor in high temperature and heavy pressure resistance.
Asbestos core: suitable for high temperature environments, but weak in pressure resistance.
Metal core: resistant to high temperature and high pressure, but low flexibility.
2，Classification by structural characteristics
Differences in twisting methods: right-hand intertwined twist, left-hand intertwined twist, and other same/reverse twist types.
Contact method: point contact (easy to wear), line contact (good waterproofness), surface contact (high strength).
3. Safety and usage specifications
Safety factor requirements
The insurance factor of hoisting wire rope is 5-8 times, and that of crane wire rope is 8 times7.
The braiding length must be greater than 15 times the rope diameter and ≥300mm, and the strength must reach more than 75% of the breaking tension.
Ⅲ，Installation and scrapping standards
The pulley diameter must match the wire rope diameter (such as cable wind rope pulley ≥12 times the rope diameter)7.
Wire break judgment: outer layer wear ≤40% diameter; the number of broken wires within 6 times the rope diameter is limited (cross twist ≤2 strands, straight twist ≤1 strand)8.
1，. Technical parameters and maintenance
Mechanical properties
2，Tensile strength grades cover 1470-1970N/mm².
Breaking tensile test and fatigue test are mandatory inspection items.
Maintenance requirements
Oil immersion lubrication is required once a year, and contact with hot objects or charged bodies is prohibited7.
Storage must be ventilated and dry to prevent corrosion or physical damage7.
3. Testing methods
Conventional testing: chemical composition analysis, repeated bending test, elastic elongation determination, etc.6.
Failure analysis: Fracture corrosion analysis is used to determine the cause of wear or breakage6.
Through the above standard system, suitable wire rope types can be selected for different application scenarios (such as lifting, hoisting, elevators), and safe and compliant use can be ensured.
